This study describes the cognitive profile and the academic competences of fifth graders with low academic performance from two educative institutions. 18 students were selected as participants. They were males and females between 11 and 12 yeras old.These participants were chosen by an intentional selection with inclusion criteria , and with intelectual disabilities , according to their teacher. The batthery of Neuropsichological for childhood evaluation(ENI) was applied to characterize the cognitive profile and the academic competences. A descriptive cuan­titative analysis was done to analyze their performance in: Reading, writing, narrative coherence and math;Memory (codifica­tion),language, memory( differed evocation), attention, conceptual abilities and executive functions. According to the results, 67% of the partici­pants have a normal intelectual coefficient, measured by Wechsler Intelligence scale for kids.The academic performance evalua­ted by sub-scales in reading aloud and the arithmetic counting abilities present a major performance. Nonetheless, they are low.