This work looks at sustainability aspects regarding water treatment for rural areas. In Colombia, although there is a broad legal and regulatory framework, low coverage and deficiencies in rural water quality persist. There are encouraging cases, where community schemes sustain their systems with treatment technologies. The sustainability of these technologies and service management in this context requires other approaches and strategies in which socio-technical innovations, strengthening of community management, support from second-level community organizations, and development of Community Learning Centers are an essential part of the purpose.