The regional policies (RP) in the Andean countries has evolved closely linked with the evolution of the role assigned to the State in the promotion of de- velopment. During the phase of the developmental and interventionist State, the PR had the same orientation and climbed up. With the generalized adoption of the Washington Consensus policies in the 1990s, the RP were dismantled much in the same way as the other active policies typical of the developmental State. The turn to the left of the Boli- vian, Ecuadorian y Venezuelan governments marked another drastic turn in its RP, this time induced by powerful ethnic and social movements. This article presents a historical and comparative analysis of the Andean Regional Policies in the period comprised second half of the twentieth century and the first decade of the present one and a vision —compara- tive as well— of current emergent trends.